Semantic Clusters of Socionic Functions

(Analysis of statistics from V. L. Talanov’s questionnaires)

This work presents an analysis of the publicly available online body of statistics from Talanov’s questionnaires. Individual clusters were defined by Viktor Lvovich Talanov, 2020-25 (clusters marked with *), and Ivan Yuryevich Romanov (the remaining clusters); synthesis and presentation — I. Yu. Romanov (socionavigator.com), June 2026, CC BY-NC-ND.

Methodology:

• For all properties considered, a list is provided of questionnaire items with a high correlation coefficient with the profile of the given composite property (the socionic profile of this cluster was calculated from these items by simply averaging their type profiles).
• The number given after the text of each item in the expanded list is Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient between the type profile of that item and the type profile of the composite property.
• The methods used by V. L. Talanov and I. Yu. Romanov to select items for a cluster differ. V. L. selected items grouped by meaning around the cluster’s semantic core (I later excluded from the lists presented those with too low a correlation coefficient). Since my work was oriented toward differentiating functions, I selected items whose functional profiles were led by the same function as the items forming the cluster’s semantic core; the item’s correlation specifically with this cluster of the given function had to be the greatest in absolute value; in other respects, the meaning of the included items may at first glance be entirely unrelated to that of the core (making it all the more interesting to understand the connection between them).
• I formed some clusters from 1-2 items because of insufficient material. Expanding the item lists and refining the profiles are matters for future work.

Terms of use:

• Important! When publishing the data on third-party websites, active hyperlinks to socionavigator.com and vk.com/oprosniki_talanova are mandatory.
• Commercial use (including writing software for paid type diagnosis) is prohibited.
• If you intend to use the data for scientific or educational purposes (for example, to create your own questionnaire based on these statistics), we recommend first contacting the author.

1. Semantic clusters of the Ne function

1) Idealism — interested in how to improve the surrounding world, rather than how to derive benefit from what is happening

Valued Ne, especially in combination with Ti and rejection of the value of Te and De (strengthening of the static trait). Idealists — ILE, LII, EII; pragmatists — Gamma types: LIE, SEE, ESI.

• In work, interest is always more important to me than pay. 0.96

• In my thoughts and concerns about the destinies of the world, humanity, or the nation, I am more of a selfless idealist than a pragmatist. 0.93

• I often reflect in my daydreams on how the world could be improved. 0.90

• The promised reward plays a decisive role in my interest in work. -0.92

• If I am serving treats to children who have come to a celebration, I will try to give my own child the best piece. -0.83

2) Cosmism — striving toward a united global world

Valued Ne against a background of democratic Alpha values and positivism. The absolute leader is ILE; those opposed to the unification of the world (because, without sources of confrontation, they feel that they are not needed) are LSI and SLE.

• I like films and books about distant travels. 0.90

• For me, there are always my own people, whom I look after, and there are unpleasant and unwelcome outsiders. -0.96

3) Interest in the new

Strong leading Ne. The leaders are ILE and IEE; those at the bottom are LSI and ESI.

• I quickly become a supporter of new theories that offer completely different structural descriptions of events. 0.91

• In manufacturing, I would prefer to produce experimental rather than mass-produced products. 0.88

• Yesterday’s opponent can easily become my friend and ally tomorrow. 0.85

• Any mystery or novelty strongly attracts and excites me. 0.84

• I like living surrounded by constant, unchanging things. -0.94

• I do not like life’s surprises - they are usually harmful or useless. -0.93

• I would like to see the world become more constant and less changeable. -0.91

• I am better than others at holding firmly onto what I have obtained and achieved, but I cope much less well with initially gaining a position. -0.89

4) Untidiness in everyday life, handwriting, and creative style

Strong Ne in combination with weak Fe. The untidy ILE, IEE, and ILI versus the meticulous ESI, LSI, and ESE.

• The letters in my usual handwriting are “mismatched” and difficult to read. 0.92

• When writing on paper, I often mix up the order of letters in words or omit individual letters in syllables. 0.87

• I do not care about maintaining a strict and constant arrangement of things in the home - the main thing is that each item can be found. 0.86

• I like systems or objects with an apparent defect or some other incomprehensibility in their structure and interconnections. 0.79

• My imagination often produces things distinguished by an amusing caricature-like quality. 0.76

• I make my bed neatly every day, even when this is not necessary. -0.90

5) Remembers and reproduces details inaccurately, which enables originality

A general intuitive property, most clearly manifested in IEE.

• If I am asked to point at a pencil with a pen, I can easily get confused and point at the pen with the pencil instead. 0.95

• I generalize easily and willingly, and like all kinds of “global” ideas and conceptions, whereas excessive detail often burdens and tires me - I simply do not understand why it is needed and quickly lose interest in it. 0.91

• I can find the special and unusual in what at first glance seems most ordinary. 0.87

• After looking at some typical object that resembles others (a pencil, a folder, an item of clothing), I can easily say whether it is mine or has been confused with someone else’s similar-looking object. -0.95

• I can assess the quality of any food product well, explaining in detail what I find satisfactory or unsatisfactory about it. -0.92

• Compared with others, I am more ordinary than original in how I express myself. -0.91

• If I were forced to choose a course of study only between becoming an artist and becoming a sculptor, I would choose to study sculpture. -0.90

6) Lack of vindictiveness, opposition to harsher punishments

A property common to the judicious quadras.

• The person at the top should be the servant of everyone else. 0.92

• I usually forgive people everything. 0.92

• Criminal laws should be made more lenient, rather than harsher. 0.82

• I am a vindictive person. -0.95

• I always and invariably take revenge for offences, but much later and without rage, with only quiet pleasure. -0.90

• I am in favour of the death penalty. -0.80

7) Takes pleasure in creating something, rather than criticizing

A property common to the judicious quadras, with an additional contribution from extraversion.

• My mood is almost always dominated by a bright euphoria, and there is virtually never any bitter scepticism. 0.97

• My logic criticizes more often than it creates. -0.94

8) Motor clumsiness, weak control over the body

A general intuitive property, with an additional contribution from Qi (do Qi subjects dislike physical training as unpleasant drilling imposed by external circumstances?).

• I am often clumsy in my movements. 0.98

• My balance is poor - sometimes I “sway” slightly from side to side when walking, and I also find it difficult to remain motionless at the command “attention”. 0.98

• At times I lose control over the coordination and sequence of my movements. 0.97

• My gait is somewhat loose and clumsy. 0.97

• I am clumsy when dressing - I often confuse top and bottom, sleeves and trouser legs, when putting on a shirt or trousers. 0.95

• Sometimes I may raise my arm or move it to the side and seem to “forget” about it: then I turn around and look - goodness, what a strange posture I am in! 0.95

• I sometimes seriously think that the entire surrounding world and other people could well be only a product of my imagination. 0.95

• I am clumsy at tying my shoelaces. 0.94

9) Asceticism — no interest in matters of material well-being, appearance, or bodily pleasures

An intuitive-static property that distinguishes types with strong Ne from those with strong Si.

• I often forget about my body, forget its limbs, forget pain and pleasure, and seem to dissolve into the universe. 0.95

• Compared with others, I often neglect my appearance and my lunch. 0.89

• I notice many household objects only when they are moved somewhere else. 0.89

• My main objectives in life, apart from family matters, are material well-being and comfort. -0.95

• The inability to secure a decent position and standard of living is more frightening to me than the inability to realize my ideas. -0.95

• I would rather leave my descendants a beautiful and comfortable house that I have built than a pile of clever books containing discoveries and revelations. -0.94

• My main incentive is material well-being, that is, the opportunity to live “no worse than others” and use the money I earn to create a comfortable and convenient environment at home. -0.93

• Satisfying a real need is more important to me than satisfying curiosity. -0.90

• Sex, food, good resorts, fashionable clothing, a prestigious home, and a healthy body are the central values of my life. -0.83

• I attach very great importance to the beautiful appearance of people and objects and to the cleanliness of my surroundings. -0.82

10) Weak control over thoughts

A property common to all intuitive types, with the possible exception of LIE and LII.

• Sometimes I have such curious “lapses” in consciousness that I cannot even immediately work out where I am. 0.95

• Sometimes I am haunted by a visual mental image that I cannot drive away by an effort of will. 0.93

• Sometimes, before leaving home, I become absorbed in reflections, daydreams, or fantasies and am late because of this. 0.93

• I experience what seem like “insights”, a sudden understanding of “the essence of things”, which for a while seem very important and significant to me - but an hour or two passes, and I remember these “insights” as frankly banal and false, and am myself surprised that anything significant could have seemed to be there. 0.93

• I sometimes find it difficult to control my thoughts - they seem to begin living their own life, beyond my control. 0.92

• At times I respond only when addressed a second time. 0.91

• I often forget where I have put things in my own home. 0.91

• Sometimes I forget the names of certain objects - it takes effort to remember them. 0.86

• I often cannot drive away a thought that sounds persistently and loudly in my head. 0.83

• Sometimes I completely forget the names of certain objects for a few seconds. 0.82

11) Ease of accepting people as “one’s own”

Judicious extraverts versus decisive introverts (Ne versus Ni).

• There are too many people on the planet. -0.96

• Outsiders are unpleasant to me. -0.95

• I do not believe in people’s altruism; every person is a thoroughgoing egoist at heart. -0.91

• I will never do for outsiders the useful things that I would do for my own people. -0.89

• I make sure that people do not come too close to me during conversation. -0.87

12) Mental activity guided by the exploratory instinct

Alpha Ne, most clearly manifested in combination with strong Ti and Qi.

• Sometimes I have jumped up at night to write down a thought that came to mind. 0.95

• More than the meaning of my own life, I am interested in the meaning of the life of all humanity, the meaning of the emergence of life as such. To understand my own meaning, I first need to understand all this. 0.93

• Every day I have thoughts of a planetary scale. 0.93

• I think that my calling is discoveries and inventions that overturn established ideas. 0.93

• More than others, I am occupied with questions of the origin of the universe and life, evolution, historical development, and the future prospects of civilization. 0.91

• Sometimes I become so absorbed in thinking about something that I wander somewhere other than where I was going. 0.90

• I often think about abstract philosophical topics. 0.89

• When walking, I “bounce”, rolling from heel to toe. 0.86

• I have a very strongly developed exploratory instinct. 0.82

13) Cannot concentrate on one task, even when necessary (the gawker type)

Strong Ne against a general irrational background, in combination with weak Te. The leaders are IEE, IEI, and ILE; LSE and LSI are least inclined to become distracted from tasks and look around.

• I often occupy myself with some nonsense that, although of no practical significance, is amusing. 0.97

• I find it difficult to concentrate my attention deliberately on a task - however hard I try, I still involuntarily become distracted by all kinds of interfering external stimuli. 0.97

• My attention constantly “floats”, never remaining on one thing for long - therefore, someone’s ill-timed attempts to focus my attention on information requiring considerable concentration usually irritate me. 0.95

• I am often distracted by matters entirely unrelated to today’s actual needs. 0.92

• I am often late for an event, or hurry all the way in order to arrive at the last minute. 0.87

• I often find it difficult to mobilize myself and concentrate on carrying out a task that is important to me. 0.86

• Sometimes, by the end of a long sentence, I forget its beginning and cannot even remember what it was about. 0.77

• I make mistakes in my work extremely rarely. -0.93

• I try to live so that nothing escapes my personal control. -0.92

• The work of a commercial director would suit me better than that of a freelance artist. -0.91

14) A desire to wander, an inclination toward a nomadic life

Strong Ne in combination with yielding (a readiness to “yield” one’s place to others and go looking for a new one? a preference for solving problems through one’s own actions in the external world, rather than by influencing one’s own or someone else’s consciousness?) and a general weakening of ethical functions (a readiness to discard relationships easily as soon as they cease to provide positive reinforcement). The absolute leader is ILE.

• The life of a nomadic herder would be closer to my spirit than the life of a settled farmer. 0.97

• I strive to go where no human has set foot. 0.95

• Deep down, I have a passion for wandering and roaming. 0.93

15) A rapid pace of thought and speech

Strong Ne against a background of pronounced extraverted traits and the tactics pole (in extreme cases, manifested as an inclination to flit about and talk rapidly).

• Sometimes I speak so quickly that I am difficult to understand. 0.97

• My gaze usually “darts about”, not resting on one point for long. 0.92

• My speech is flowing, even, and smooth. -0.90

16) Lack of planning, dislike of being controlled, failure to finish tasks, postponement of uninteresting matters

An irrational property; among all functions, strengthening of Ne has a particularly strong influence.

• A daily routine and I are incompatible. 0.98

• At times I take up a new activity without finishing the previous one - because I have already become tired and bored of it. 0.97

• I do not like forcing myself or confining myself within plans or schedules. 0.96

• I usually prepared for examinations only in the last day or two beforehand. 0.96

• I am poorly organized and do not tolerate any control. 0.95

• The saying “do not put off until tomorrow what can be done the day after tomorrow” is closer to me than the saying “do not put off until tomorrow what can be done today”. 0.92

• I mainly begin to exert myself when things become pressing or I am forced to. 0.91

• I leave many tasks unfinished, because I want to learn and understand the essentials, whereas all the finishing touches needed to bring them “up to standard” are of little interest to me. 0.90

• I find it difficult to keep doing something for a long time if it is not working out and provides no positive reinforcement - in that case, I quickly switch to developing a new topic or idea, until I become bored again and am once more drawn back to the old task. 0.89

• I must admit that I have a habit of being late. 0.86

• I admit that I am very casual with my own and other people’s time. 0.86

• I often find it very difficult to tear myself away from a game I have begun, even though more important matters are waiting. 0.81

• I plan time as a linear sequence of necessary actions - and adhere to it scrupulously. -0.96

• I always finish everything, even if there is almost no interest left in the task. -0.96

• In the morning, I always have clear thoughts about what I will be doing that evening. -0.95

• I usually adhere scrupulously to the planned sequence of necessary actions. -0.94

• It is very difficult and always painful for me to abandon what I have planned. -0.88

• I cannot tolerate jokes about rules and order; they make me want to punch someone in the face. -0.88

• Other people’s failure to fulfil their commitments affects me (apparently more strongly than it does many other people I know). -0.83

17) An abundance of vivid dreams*

Strong Ne, Qe, and Fe in combination with a clearly manifested tactics pole (inert, uncontrolled imagination).

• I have dreams of some kind almost every night. 0.96

• I often have vivid, colourful dreams. 0.94

• After waking up at night during a dream, with my eyes open I continue for a while to see moving coloured patterns or gradually dissolving figures from my dreams against the walls. 0.93

• I dream almost every night. 0.92

• I often have vivid dreams with an “adventure” plot. 0.92

• I quite often have colourful dreams with a fairy-tale, fantastical plot. 0.89

• Sometimes, on waking and opening my eyes, I continue for several seconds to see images from my dream against objects in my surroundings. 0.88

• Before falling asleep, I often see synchronously changing coloured patterns, companies of little cartoon figures marching in unison, and the like, before my closed eyes. 0.86

• I usually sleep deeply without dreams. -0.96

• I very rarely have dreams at night, or do not have them at all. -0.88

18) An inclination to become excessively carried away

An extraverted property, particularly often manifested when Ne is strengthened.

• In the heat of enthusiasm and energy, I often take on too much. 0.96

• I often become excessively carried away with something, unable to “slow down”. 0.92

• It is characteristic of me that I always prefer my old circle of tried and reliable people to new acquaintances. -0.94

19) A positive attitude toward what is happening

The positivism pole, especially in combination with strong Ne and De.

• The word I use more often in speech is NO) bad YES) good. 0.94

• I often experience a strong sense of uplift, of approaching happiness. 0.89

• People say that I have a poor sense of danger and often underestimate dangers. 0.89

• My usual mood generally contains a great deal of carefree and “airy” euphoria. 0.80

• I often use the words “no”, “never”, “not for anything”, “under no circumstances, “in no circumstances” in my speech. -0.90

2. Semantic clusters of the Ni function

1) Masochistic tendencies*

Strong Ni, especially in combination with sharply weakened Qi (the function responsible for maintaining a sense of self-worth and self-respect). Although this property is the most characteristic marker of Ni, it is relatively rare in the population overall (up to half of those with moderately strong Ni do not exhibit such tendencies).

• I sometimes like being humiliated and even subjected to moderate pain. 0.98

• At times I feel an interest in painful and humiliating sensations, experiencing a certain “high” from them. 0.97

• Sometimes it is pleasant to feel my subordination and experience humiliation. 0.97

• At times I catch myself subconsciously enjoying playing a dependent role in relationships with strong and aggressive people, while being somewhat capricious and provocative. 0.95

• Sometimes I want my male or female partner to punish me. 0.95

• Sometimes I like hurting myself. 0.95

• There is a certain masochism in my character: at times I like engaging in self-abasement. 0.93

• I have masochistic tendencies. 0.92

• After experiencing pain, I almost always have a pleasantly blissful “aftertaste”. 0.92

• I sometimes like feeling like a victim. 0.91

• I have fantasies involving ideas of self-torment and self-destruction. 0.89

• I like being humiliated and even subjected to moderate pain during sex. 0.85

2) Likes imagining being damaged*

This property, too, is far from being manifested by everyone with strong Ni, but is relatively more frequent among aristocrats and tacticians, especially IEI.

• There is a certain brokenness in my character. 0.96

• I often like thinking about my wounds - emotional or physical. 0.92

• Sometimes I imagine myself lying in hospital. 0.91

• Sometimes I “retreat into illness” - there is a certain sweetness in it. 0.83

• At times I deliberately reopen my emotional wounds in order to feel the world more acutely and become capable of something surpassing the ordinary. 0.82

• Even without any reason at all, I fantasize about bodily injuries or illnesses in my body. 0.82

• If nothing in you hurts, then you are not living either. 0.79

3) Is not a devotee of a healthy lifestyle

This property clearly distinguishes those with Ni in the leading position from those with Ni in the vulnerable position. There is also a small contribution from the democracy pole.

• Compared with other people, I devote more attention and time to a healthy lifestyle and preventive measures for good health. -0.96

• I often promote a proper and healthy lifestyle among my acquaintances. -0.96

4) No inclination to look after and support close others

Strong Ni against a background of the obstinacy pole and strengthened Qi. Readiness to care for close others differentiates EII well from other introverted intuitives.

• I have a strong need to look after and protect people close to me (perhaps it is more developed in me than in others). -0.90

• I always feel responsible for other people. -0.89

• I readily respond to requests to do something around the house. -0.85

• I can be persistently intrusive in my concern about another person’s affairs and actions. -0.80

• I always want to bring other people who lag behind me up to my level. -0.62

5) Distortion of perception of the world and one’s own person (derealization and depersonalization)*

Strong Ni against a background of generally strengthened intuition and, rather, aristocracy and constructivism.

• Sometimes, for a few moments, I lose contact with reality and stop sensing what is happening, even though I am not thinking about anything else at the time. 0.95

• Sometimes I have a strange feeling that everything around me is not really happening but is make-believe, as in a theatre. 0.95

• Sometimes everything around me seems to be slightly in a fog. 0.94

• I have problems with the sense of my inner personal integrity. 0.92

• At times I have had a strange feeling as though I had lost the sense of the separateness, stability, and indivisible integrity of my human “self”, as though I were being spread across the surrounding world like butter on bread. 0.92

• At times I experience states in which the visual world seems flat and without depth, even though I am looking with both eyes. 0.91

• Sometimes I have a strange feeling that the close people around me are some kind of soulless grey masks playing some game. 0.87

6) A sense of one’s own brokenness, suicidal thoughts*

A property whose profile is close to that of cluster 2 (“likes imagining being damaged”), but with an even greater contribution from constructivism.

• At least once a week I feel deeply unhappy. 0.94

• At times I think about death, “turning” the subject over in different ways in my mind. 0.93

• My thoughts are often drawn to death and non-existence, and I want to think about this for a long time as a good way out and the best revenge on myself and others. 0.93

• I have often had doubts about who I am. 0.91

• Sometimes I become stuck for a long time thinking about various fears, while also deriving increasing pleasure from devising ways to avoid them. 0.90

• I am quite satisfied with life. -0.93

7) Developed narrative imagination — including a good ability to foresee consequences

Strong Ni against a background of generally strengthened intuition and, rather, democracy and tactics. This is the most frequently endorsed of all the properties that mark strong Ni (and is therefore the one most often associated with it by the average socionics enthusiast).

• I often like imagining how history might have turned out if this or that had happened just slightly differently. 0.94

• I constantly “run through” little scenes of possible developments in my head, with the imagined participation of the relevant actors. 0.92

• I often like examining various imaginary pictures of the future in my mind and playing with them. 0.90

• I often mentally “play out versions” of my personal past - how a situation might have unfolded if only this or that… 0.88

• I am constantly enthusiastically planning something in my daydreams. 0.88

• On some automatic, unconscious level, I always instantly sense what a situation means and what can be expected from it. 0.85

• I notice all kinds of subtle nuances in developmental trends earlier than others. 0.81

• I always sense and foresee the consequences of my words or actions very sensitively. 0.78

• For me, time is more a short interval around the present than a long expanse. -0.90

8) The focus of attention is shifted to an imaginary reality

A general intuitive property, most characteristic as a marker of IEI.

• I have a developed imagination, so that at times the external world disappears and ceases to exist for me for a while. 0.98

• I have an inclination toward fantasy, imagination, and living in an invented reality. 0.97

• Real visual and tactile stimuli from a member of the sex that interests me sexually arouse me much more than any fantasies. 0.96

• I prefer to work with concrete, tangible things rather than imaginary or speculative ones. 0.95

• Many imaginary things or things retrieved from memory are almost as real and unquestionable to me as those that can be touched and felt. 0.95

• Sometimes, for a few moments, I lose contact with reality and stop sensing what is happening, even though I am not thinking about anything else at the time. 0.94

• All too often I leave less pleasant activity for more pleasant daydreams. 0.92

• Even in broad daylight, I often involuntarily begin imagining something frightening. 0.91

• In my thoughts, I often play out imaginary versions of events using material from the historical past of bygone centuries. 0.87

9) Likes provoking, teasing, and trolling

A property common to the decisive quadras (with the exception of ESI).

• Devising and using traps for people is pleasant and fun. 0.96

• At times I deliberately antagonize people, provoking them into retaliatory aggression. 0.94

• At times I like tormenting certain people. 0.94

• Sometimes I deliberately “pester” a person for a long time through various actions - because it is interesting to observe their reaction. 0.90

10) Intrusive thoughts and mental images (rumination)*

The profile of this property is close to those of clusters 2 and 5, but shows an additional contribution from positivism. The leaders are IEI, EII, and ILI.

• Sometimes I am haunted by a visual mental image that I cannot drive away by an effort of will. 0.94

• Often something seems constantly and vaguely to be “whirling” in my head - fragments of words, or thoughts, or something else; this whirling prevents me from concentrating and is generally intrusive, uncomfortable, and unpleasant. 0.94

• Sometimes I have a strange, unpleasant premonition that something terrible is about to happen in a minute, such as that I will go mad or die - at the same time, my heart starts beating faster and my breathing accelerates. 0.92

• Sometimes, during the day, I call up the same thought many times in succession. 0.92

• At times I have a strange and not very pleasant feeling that my own thoughts are not really mine, but seem to have been put into my head by someone, as though someone were dictating them to me from outside. 0.91

• Sometimes I hear imaginary voices in my head that are difficult to drive away or silence by an effort of will. 0.88

• Sometimes it seems to me that the people currently in the room are behaving unusually and may be plotting something against my interests. 0.87

• At times I become “stuck” observing the gradual change over time in some internal sensation of my own. 0.87

• Sometimes I spend an entire evening thinking and worrying about what I need to do, what I have not done, or what I cannot do, what needs to be done, or what will happen if something is not done, and so on. 0.86

11) Likes nothing, sees only the bad in everything

Strong Ni (and, partly, Se) in combination with negativism (which produces a general sceptical attitude toward the future) and constructivism (which is responsible for a generally negative mood in the present moment). Primarily reflects the opposition between ILI and ESE.

• My favourite colour is deep black. 0.86

• I am always oriented toward and inwardly prepared for possible betrayal by friends. 0.82

• I often feel a lack of joy and pleasure - life is too bland. 0.80

• I am a master at making gloomy predictions. 0.74

• I usually prepare both myself and other people to expect everything to be much better and more successful than common sense would suggest. -0.95

• I like most of the people I know. -0.89

• I am very fond of children. -0.88

12) Absence of aversion to violence*

A rare property, more often encountered in the decisive quadras (with the exception of types with strong Qi - ESI and SEE).

• The triumph of the strong over the weak is a normal and entirely acceptable basis of life. 0.93

• I believe that the world was, is, and should be an arena of eternal struggle in which there is and can be no justice, and the strongest always win, while a person of average strength, like me, must survive by skilfully manoeuvring among the strong, that is, through the ability to “run between the drops of rain”. 0.90

• So-called “hazing” is a normal phenomenon in the army; it should be controlled but not eliminated. 0.89

• If there is a convenient opportunity to take a piece of a neighbour’s property for one’s own benefit, only a fool would fail to do so. 0.89

• I have sometimes taken part in persecuting someone. 0.87

• Almost everyone deserves to be humiliated or at least told the whole unflattering truth about themselves to their face. 0.86

• I regard with contempt those cultures in which hurting the weak is a virtue. -0.97

• People in whom I see an inclination toward dictatorial behaviour and violence evoke the greatest apprehension and distrust in me. -0.97

• I feel immediate, acute hatred toward any attempts at domineering rudeness and forcible coercion. -0.96

• Every person deserves respect regardless of their status. -0.95

• Fear of punishment should be used as an incentive as rarely as possible, and preferably not at all. -0.92

• People who impose submission and obedience by force are contemptible and deficient, for the human race deserves to be united solely by a great and noble consciousness of brotherhood. -0.91

• If someone is subjected to cruel or humiliating treatment before my eyes, anger rises within me and my mood immediately deteriorates. -0.89

• Hunting animals for sport is an amusement for psychopaths; it is neither interesting nor pleasant to me. -0.84

13) Usually in a bad mood, prone to depression

Strong Ni against a background of weak Te (a weak ability to neutralize depressive thoughts through direct action). Traits associated with the inertia of Fi (yielding and constructivism) also have an influence. Differentiates the types well in the EII-IEE and ILI-SLI pairs.

• I experience depressive states in which everything seems gloomy and hopeless. 0.94

• I easily fall into a bad mood, and it may persist for several days. 0.94

• At least once a week, the surrounding world begins to seem mercilessly cold and harsh, devoid of warmth, and the future seems hopeless. 0.93

• At least once a week I feel deeply unhappy. 0.90

14) Follows the path of least resistance, a parasitic attitude to life, immoralism

Strong Ni (and, partly, Se) against a background of dynamics, irrationality, and the strategy pole. The leaders are the irrationals of the decisive quadras and LIE. This property differentiates the receptive-adaptive and balanced-stable temperaments well.

• I feel pleasant relief when I finally manage to get some task of my own done at someone else’s expense. 0.89

• Intellect and skilful cunning are practically the same thing. 0.89

• I am more conscientious than others. -0.90

• I would feel sick living in luxury at others’ expense while creating nothing myself. -0.86

• There is a clear set of the most important moral rules that I always remember and invariably follow. -0.83

15) Secretiveness, avoids revealing one’s real opinion

Strong Ni against a background of deep introversion and weak Fe.

• In interactions with other people, the inconspicuous position of an “eminence grise” suits me perfectly - I know how to wait unobtrusively until others’ activity turns in a direction suitable and advantageous to me. 0.88

• I am often disingenuous simply to avoid getting into trouble or to get people to leave me alone. 0.86

• For the time being, I can outwardly display convincing agreement while inwardly feeling categorical protest. 0.70

• In conversation I am usually very frank - whatever is on my mind is on my tongue. -0.92

• I usually express my thoughts willingly and at length. -0.91

• I am an open person, without “secrets”. -0.86

• People around me always know my point of view. -0.85

• I find being alone unbearable. -0.81

16) Tolerance of deception and injustice*

Strong Ni (and, partly, Se) against a background of also strengthened De. This property distinguishes Gamma and Alpha intuitives well.

• If you do not deceive, you will not sell - that is normal. 0.95

• I can easily and without difficulty take advantage of other people without troubling myself with moral considerations. 0.91

• I enjoy it when I manage to deceive someone slightly or “rip them off”. 0.91

• For a decent reward, I could quite readily run propagandistic, trashy online discussions based on lies and turning the truth inside out. 0.88

• I react very painfully and sensitively to any injustice committed against either myself or other people. -0.96

• Any manifestations of social injustice irritate me. -0.93

• I experience strong indignation when I encounter something obviously wrong and harmful. -0.92

• Any injustice around me affects me. -0.91

• When I see that someone has been blatantly taken advantage of, I almost always feel something like a desire to protect that person. -0.89

• Any manifestations of laziness, lying, cruelty, and injustice in people invariably repel me. -0.87

• I regard any dishonourable behaviour in people with disgust. -0.85

• Selfish behaviour in people, when they think a great deal about their beloved selves while badly letting others down, always arouses my contempt. -0.85

• My weakness compared with others is that, unlike most people, I am completely unable to lie for some advantage. -0.85

17) Dislikes and cannot tolerate intense physical activity*

Introverted intuitives versus extraverted sensors.

• My body lacks muscle tone. -0.95

• Not for health reasons, but simply because of my character, I try to avoid intense physical exertion - I just do not like it. -0.93

• I tire even from minor physical exertion. -0.92

• I often become short of breath during physical exertion. -0.85

• I often feel tired for no particular reason. -0.83

• My lifestyle involves a great deal of pleasant physical exertion and physical activity. 0.93

• I like energetic movements and active, mobile work. 0.93

• In my free time, I enjoy doing physical work. 0.90

• I like going running regularly. 0.88

• I quickly pick up the pace in physical work. 0.86

• I do physical work quite quickly and willingly. 0.85

• I am capable of prolonged physical work without fatigue. 0.85

18) Manipulativeness, insincerity, an inclination to deceive*

Strong Ni (and, partly, Se) against a background of obstinacy and strengthened Qe. Endorsed more often than average by SEE, EIE, IEI, ILI, and IEE (and most typical of a person in whose type profile all or most of these types are elevated). Rare among deep introverts. Also note that although the subject of distorting and deceiving other people’s perception generally lies within Ni’s focus of attention, Ni in combination with De (cluster 15) shows greater tolerance of others’ deception, whereas in combination with Qe it much more often justifies one’s own.

• I can convincingly demonstrate “sincere repentance” with a healthy cynicism, and use this ability quite often. 0.93

• I can and like to pretend in order to mislead an opponent and gain an advantage from it. 0.93

• Sometimes I deceive people. 0.92

• I can lie to get out of a difficult situation. 0.91

• I can bluff. 0.90

• I can pretend and gain people’s trust through calculation. 0.87

• I am excellent at talking my way out of blame. 0.86

• Cunning and the ability to pretend are precisely what intelligence is. 0.86

• Sometimes I have amused myself by deliberately exploiting someone else’s goodwill toward me. 0.86

• Sometimes I lie as a joke, and sometimes I simply joke - I do both no less often than others, and I do not misjudge my listeners’ reactions. 0.86

• Sometimes I lie to obtain something or achieve other goals of my own. 0.86

• I often deliberately leave the people I interact with under a misapprehension. 0.86

• I am completely unable to lie and do not like doing so. -0.97

• I do not like being cunning in business; I prefer to reach honest agreements with partners on mutually beneficial terms. -0.93

• It is true that I have absolutely no talent for intrigue; like a fool, I have always oriented myself toward the common good and, like an even greater fool, have always expected the same of others. -0.90

• I am scrupulous about decency and unobtrusive, but I will always help those who need it. -0.90

• Honesty and keeping my word are my main virtues. -0.89

• All lies and secrecy make me sick; if it were up to me, I would prohibit all secrets and untruth in the world. -0.87

• When giving explanations concerning an unpleasant incident, I always tell the truth. -0.86

19) Likes playing roles in one’s imagination, mentally becoming other people

An intuitive-ethical property.

• In my thoughts, I constantly “play different roles”, living in detail many lives that are not my own but belong to others. 0.98

• I have a strong ability and frequent desire to mentally become someone else, to “get into another person’s skin”, to put myself in another person’s place while playfully modelling in my mind what seem to be their own thoughts and motives. 0.97

20) Likes taking risks, a propensity for risk

Strong Ni in combination with extraversion (Se is strengthened, Si and Fi are weakened) and the positivism pole. More typical of extraverts of the decisive quadras and ILE; among introverts, of IEI.

• Very often, in life and in games, I stake things on considerable risk, as though waving my hand and saying, “come what may!” 0.94

• I am attracted to situations that stir the nerves with a slight fear. 0.93

• I like bohemian gatherings with their risky entertainments and the new, unusual sensations they promise. 0.85

• Rewards will never tempt me into a risky undertaking. -0.97

21) Detachment, a passive contemplative position

A combination of simultaneously strong Ni and Si. This property differentiates the receptive-adaptive and linear-assertive temperaments well.

• I am good at solving problems by waiting and “letting them fade away”. 0.92

• I often enjoy states of thoughtlessness and absence of feeling, when everything is one and it is as though I am sitting entirely without thoughts or feelings on the bank of an eternally flowing river. 0.92

• I admit that I usually live according to the folk saying: “my hut is on the edge; I know nothing”. 0.91

• Without moving, I watch worldly bustle and philosophize through sleep. 0.83

• I often take responsibility on my own initiative. -0.95

• If I become fired up about a goal, I remain faithful to it for years, forcing a path toward it with my strong emotions and self-confidence. -0.93

3. Semantic clusters of the Se function

1) Understands only the language of force

Strong valued Se in combination with strong Ti and Di. The absolute leaders are SLE and LSI, followed by SEE, EIE, and LSE. For the other types (including ESI), forcible coercion tends not to be permissible or acceptable.

• A victorious war is better than a bad peace. 0.97

• I hate weaklings. 0.95

• I believe that the problem with contemporary world politics is the predominance of soft and indecisive people capable only of half-measures. 0.94

• An opponent will submit only if I instil fear in them. 0.93

• If I have no subordinates, I feel uncomfortable, “out of place”. 0.92

• I would enjoy working as a judge. 0.89

• I find it very difficult to exert volitional pressure on people or persuade anyone to do something. -0.92

• I feel extremely uncomfortable in company if I sense someone’s negative attitude toward me. -0.89

• I have many “childish” interests: even today, I enjoy reading many children’s books and fairy tales if they come into my hands. -0.81

2) Accuracy of rapid physical reactions

A general sensing property. The contribution of Se (oriented toward abrupt movements involving the whole body and carrying a risk of injury) only slightly exceeds that of Si (oriented more toward fine movements of the fingers and tongue and toward avoiding injuries).

• I can instantly catch a falling or thrown object. 0.94

• I can drive a car well. 0.82

• When I am anxious, my hands become seemingly useless and even get in the way - I may accidentally knock against something with my hand or drop it. -0.93

• At times I become so absorbed in my thoughts that I absentmindedly wander onto the wrong street. -0.93

• I miss steps on stairs if I cannot see them, and am also very poor at hitting computer keys “blindly”. -0.91

• I need advice and help when choosing clothes. -0.86

• My hand sometimes trembles while writing. -0.76

3) Offensive (proactive) aggression

Strong valued Se in combination with strong Qe. The absolute leaders are SLE, SEE, and EIE; those at the bottom are LII, SEI, and EII.

• I like acting through aggression, force, and threats. 0.94

• Compared with others, I am more aggressive rather than more peace-loving. 0.92

• I have aggressive-impulsive traits. 0.92

• I have the ability to seek out and find enemies, and then punish them. 0.87

4) A craving for possession (including sexual possession)

Strong valued Se against an extraverted background, especially in combination with Fe. The leader is SEE, followed by SLE and ESE; at the bottom is LII, followed by EII and ILI.

• If someone or something catches my fancy, I absolutely must possess them or it. 0.96

• My desires are sometimes so strong that I do not like waiting and prefer to obtain everything directly and immediately, “by hook or by crook”, at any cost. 0.92

• By hook or by crook, I know how to make other people do what I need. 0.89

• I am a person with strong sexuality unburdened by doubts. 0.89

• When talking, I have a habit of looking a person directly in the eyes. 0.88

• Everything biological and directly instinctive in me is very strongly inhibited; it very rarely breaks through to the outside. -0.92

5) Can firmly defend one’s interests

Strong valued Se in combination with strong Qe and Te and the tactics pole (responsible for better awareness of small details within one’s sphere of interest). The leaders are all four Se types, as well as LSE; those at the bottom are EII and SEI.

• I am always stubborn and persistent in my demands. 0.93

• I am always bluntly harsh with those who violate discipline and am good at delivering “verbal dressing-downs”. 0.93

• I know how to demand what is mine and push rivals aside. 0.90

• I can be cruel and unceremonious if necessary. 0.90

• I can say NO - both to others and to myself. My volitional inhibition is excellently developed. 0.89

• I know how to demand respect for myself, to be and appear significant, and always to carry myself with the required gravitas. 0.87

• I can sharply defend my interests when people try to deprive me of something. 0.87

• I am often tenaciously persistent in interactions - I absolutely must “dot all the I’s”. 0.81

• I find it difficult to refuse a person’s request and difficult to make a subordinate do their work properly. -0.92

• My character is such that I often need guidance, as well as moral, physical, and material support from others. -0.88

6) Does not fear pain (or activities involving an increased likelihood of experiencing pain or causing it to someone)

A property in which the contribution of the decisive and static traits of Se plays the largest role. The leader is SLE, followed by LSI, SEE, ILE, and ILI; those at the bottom are LII and EIE.

• I like (or would like) amusing myself for long periods by shooting for accuracy in competition with myself - firing at a target with an air gun or bow, or simply throwing darts at a target for a long time. 0.86

• I would enjoy sport climbing. 0.77

• I fear pain more than others do. -0.89

• I find it unpleasant to watch another person wince in pain - I immediately begin to feel something similar to their suffering myself. -0.84

• I always tense up in anticipation of any painful sensation. -0.82

• Avoiding pain is usually more important to me than experiencing pleasure. -0.80

7) A tendency toward sadism

A property common to the decisive quadras (with the exception of ESI). More often manifested in combination with weakened Fi and strengthened Qe.

• At times I like seeing other people’s fear. 0.94

• At times I deliberately antagonize people, provoking them into retaliatory aggression. 0.93

• I like coarse, “sadistic” jokes. 0.91

• I will trample over others to reach my goal. 0.90

• Sometimes you smear someone with filth - and your mood improves. 0.86

• Compared with others, I am a very peace-loving person, to whom even thoughts of violence are alien. -0.97

• It is true that I never allow myself to act unfairly toward others or to humiliate anyone. -0.91

• A loud emotional row almost always immediately unsettles me. -0.85

8) Egoism, thieves’ values

A property common to the decisive quadras (with the exception of ESI, and somewhat less frequent in EIE and IEI). Most clearly manifested in combination with obstinacy (“shameless deception”) and emotivism (“unscrupulous manipulation”).

• Everyone in this life should think and care primarily about themselves, without fearing that they may disadvantage another person - after all, the world is based on competition for a reason. 0.95

• For the sake of one’s own family, one may also take something away from another family. 0.95

• Exploiting fools and weaklings is normal and natural. 0.92

• In childhood fights, I often tried to hit opponents immediately in the stomach and genitals. 0.92

• At times I may take something belonging to someone else if I want something very much. 0.89

• On the whole, I tend to respect those who can steal without getting caught. 0.87

• Facts are needed only as arguments for achieving a goal, and, if necessary, they can be slightly manipulated. 0.82

• When making decisions, I always involuntarily think about whether they will harm the interests of humanity, society, and other people. -0.89

9) Does not doubt decisions made

Strong valued Se in combination with logic, positivism, and tactics. The leaders are SLE, SEE, LSI, and LIE; those at the bottom are EII, SEI, and EIE.

• Others probably have doubts, but I extremely rarely doubt anything. 0.95

• I am often tormented by doubts about the correctness of my decisions and actions. -0.97

• I often feel like a victim of circumstances and feel unable to change anything. -0.95

• At times I hesitate for a long time when choosing a decision. -0.87

10) Controls others

Strong valued Se, predominantly against a rational background and in combination with particularly weakened Ne. ESI, SEE, SLE, and EIE prefer to control close others (including covertly). ILE, LII, and IEI dislike controlling anyone and tend to give considerable freedom.

• I like controlling each and every person in the system of relationships subordinate to me. 0.94

• I always covertly and unobtrusively control the actions of those close to me. 0.94

11) Exacerbates contradictions by “forcing through” one’s opinion

Strong valued Se against a background of choleric temperament. The leaders are SLE, SEE, EIE, and ILE; those at the bottom are EII, SEI, and SLI.

• I often stubbornly continue arguing out of inertia even after I have realized that I was wrong and mistaken. 0.89

• In an argument, I continue to insist on my position simply on principle, even if I see that I am wrong, and I never compromise. 0.86

• The solutions I propose are usually radical and uncompromising. 0.78

• I always speak cautiously, without imposing an opinion, so as not to contradict the other person under any circumstances. -0.93

• I support moderate rather than radical solutions. -0.92

• I am always oriented toward exclusively polite interaction, without rudeness or prodding. -0.91

• In childhood, I was an obedient and compliant child. -0.82

12) Anxiety is not characteristic

Strong valued Se, especially against a background of suppressed and easily controlled ethical functions. The leaders are SEE, SLE, LSI, and ILE; those at the bottom are EII, IEI, and ESI.

• I am often prone to fearfulness, manifested in a sudden sense of external threat and a desire to freeze immediately on the spot. -0.96

• Sometimes I suddenly fear that I have not yet collected my thoughts and may say or do something wrong. -0.94

• I often become self-conscious because of something someone has said - I turn their words over in my mind this way and that, wondering what he or she meant. -0.94

• I am anxious all the time. -0.91

• Sometimes I become so anxious that it is difficult to breathe. -0.91

• I always experience it painfully if, judging by the reactions of those around me, I do something wrong in public. -0.91

• I often lack faith in my abilities. -0.91

• I have panic attacks (at least once a month or more often). -0.89

• Almost every day, I have very vivid experiences of past events, including sudden, involuntary, and emotionally intense memories from early childhood. -0.88

• In emergency situations, I usually become frightened and uneasy. -0.87

• Anxiety often makes it very difficult for me to collect my thoughts. -0.86

• In various situations, I often experience an intrusive sense of some loss or deprivation. -0.85

13) High self-esteem, leadership qualities*

Strong valued Se, especially against a background of emotivism (contact ethics) and strong De (the function responsible for finding points of contact between people).

• I have an inherent, unshakeable faith in my own strength and abilities. 0.93

• I usually move quickly, energetically, and confidently. 0.91

• Most problems that arise usually immediately excite me pleasantly and seem solvable from the outset. 0.91

• I more often feel in the role of the hunter than of the pursued victim. 0.91

• Most of the time I feel strong, confident, free, and protected. 0.90

• I am self-confident, have a talent for leadership, am enterprising and active in making contacts, and strive for practical managerial activity in the sphere of interpersonal relationships. 0.90

• The role of the official leader of a group of people suits me well, as does that of a manager who sets the pace of collective work through personal energy. 0.90

• I can always say of myself with full justification: I am not a guest; I am the master in this world. 0.89

• I am always confident in my abilities and competence. 0.88

• I can skilfully lead both a small group and a large team; in general, I am a good natural administrator by character. 0.88

• I always present myself as a promising person with considerable capabilities. 0.88

• I have good leadership qualities in directing people. 0.88

• I practically always feel self-confident. 0.87

• I am usually unsure of myself. -0.94

• I often suffer from a lack of self-confidence and assertiveness. -0.94

• I often lose heart and seem to myself to be a person ill-adapted to life. -0.92

• Despite my persistence, my ability to push things through is poorly developed - I cannot make people obey, and in critical situations I am rather indecisive. -0.91

• Leading any team and allocating duties within it is definitely not for me. -0.91

• In social situations I experience a lack of self-confidence and assertiveness. -0.89

• Sometimes it seems to me that people around me are laughing at me. -0.88

• I am vulnerable and internally contradictory, am often unsure of myself, and am prone to frequent doubts and hesitation when choosing a decision. -0.87

14) Rough rather than gentle (self-assessment)

Strong valued Se, especially in combination with logic and questimity. SLE, ILE, LSI, ESI, and LSE more often consider themselves rough; EII, ESE, and SEI consider themselves gentle. This property differentiates the types well in the ESI-EII, ESI-SEI, ESI-ESE, and LSE-ESE pairs.

• Compared with the average of people of my age, sex, and social circle, I am more “rough” rather than softer and “gentler”. 1.00

15) Absence of feelings of shame and guilt

The obstinacy pole in combination with strengthened Se and weakened Fi. Differentiates SEE and ESI well.

• Even when I behave badly, embarrassment, shame, or guilt are clearly not my feelings. 0.94

• I am haunted by guilt over some of my actions. -0.98

• My prolonged sense of guilt often gets in my way. -0.94

16) Capable of living among enemies

The obstinacy pole and, to a lesser extent, statics and negativism, in combination with strengthened Se, Fi, and Di. Differentiates ILE well from the other flexible-manoeuvring types (ILEs are completely incapable of intrigue and a mafia-like way of life, unlike SLE, SEE, and even IEE).

• I always know who in a group is my enemy and who is not. 0.93

• I think I could last 15 years in the position of a criminal boss overseeing a city. 0.90

17) Muscle mass and strength

Strong Se, Te, and Di. Good physical condition is an important marker of belonging to SLE (apparently being partly an ontogenetic cause of the formation of this type and partly a consequence of its characteristic motivation to develop physical skills).

• Since youth, I have been a person of “solid” build - I think my muscles are developed beyond the average norm. 0.94

• My body lacks muscle tone. 0.96

18) An affirmative, convincing manner of speech

Strong Se and Ti in combination with the obstinacy pole (responsible for the ability to persuade others through verbal suggestion rather than direct action). The leaders are SLE, LSI, and LSE, whereas IEI and EII have the most uncertain speech, with frequent questioning intonations. Contrary to a widespread view, this property has practically no overlap with the “questimity-declatimity” trait and is not a marker of it.

• At the end of my spoken remarks, there always seems to be a firm, bold full stop or exclamation mark. 0.95

• The intonation of my voice is practically always firm, as though stating something long known. 0.87

• My speech is smooth, without the need for pauses to find words, and when formulating thoughts aloud I never “uh” or “um” between words. 0.86

19) A hostile attitude toward people

Decisiveness, especially in combination with negativism, logic, and weak De. In the decisive quadras, it is mainly only IEI and LIE that show a relatively kind attitude by default; in the judicious quadras, only LSE and LII are often negatively disposed toward people.

• In conversations, I more often “probe” the other person for contradictions and disagreement with me than for agreement and shared views. 0.94

• Many people fully deserve to be treated like shit. 0.93

• Sweeping up rubbish after someone is always humiliating. 0.85

• If all people are divided into two large groups - the first consisting of those who are more hostile and suspicious, and the second of those who are more good-natured, contented, and satisfied with life - I belong more to the second group, the good-natured. -0.97

20) Uninhibitedness in communication

An extraverted property associated with the joint strengthening of Se (primarily), De, and Fe.

• When speaking before people, I always speak loudly. 0.97

• It is important to me to be the centre of attention, with all eyes and ears focused on me. 0.92

• It is true that I am never at a loss for words. 0.89

• My movements are usually somewhat “constrained”. -0.94

• My handshake is rather soft, somewhat limp and cautious. -0.93

• In photographs, I often have a somewhat embarrassed-smiling or frightened-smiling appearance. -0.93

21) Can solve problems quickly

An extraverted property associated with the joint strengthening of Se (primarily), Qe, and Te.

• My self-confidence enables me to win in seemingly hopeless situations. 0.96

• I often have the feeling that everything is within my power and that I can do anything. 0.93

• I spend a great deal of time making decisions. -0.95

• Under time pressure and nervous strain, I sometimes become confused and even begin to feel distracted and sleepy. -0.94

22) Believes in one’s luck, neglects precautions

A property typical of representatives of the flexible-manoeuvring temperament, especially when Se predominates and against a background of positivism.

• I believe in my ability to extricate myself from any situation. 0.95

• As a rule, I prepare for any trip for a long time and with nervousness. -0.94

• Compared with others, I always try to avoid risky and dangerous situations. -0.88

• I have a habit of checking myself repeatedly. -0.84

• I often spend time thinking about possible troubles. -0.83

23) Sufficient energy for action

Strong Se against a background of general personality rationality. This property differentiates the linear-assertive and receptive-adaptive temperaments well.

• I often feel phlegmatic and need to be “pushed” by others. -0.95

• My favourite roles are an observer of fleeting things, a wanderer along the river of events. -0.95

• I am usually relaxed and unfocused; intense business activity is difficult for me if it requires me to remain mobile and dynamic for a long time. -0.93

• My movements are usually slow - and it is not that I am too lazy to move quickly or turn sharply, but that it is simply physically difficult for me. -0.88

4. Semantic clusters of the Si function

1) Likes creating comfort for oneself and others

Strong valued Si against a background of general dynamics (an orientation toward working with current resources rather than promoting and defending “eternal truths”) and, rather, declatimity (questims primarily take care of themselves).

• I can cook food for myself and like doing so. 0.97

• I would make a good specialist in arranging comfortable workplaces. 0.94

• I am good at resting, value pleasures and everyday joys, and am excellent at establishing comfort in my immediate surroundings. 0.89

• I readily respond to requests to do something around the house. 0.86

• I would enjoy doing interior renovation work - smoothing plaster, laying tiles attractively, sanding parquet, and so on. 0.86

• In a team, I like the role of the designer and finisher who completes and refines the work, making it convenient for the user. 0.82

• I would enjoy working as a massage therapist in a medical institution. 0.78

2) Lives here and now

A general sensing property, further strengthened by aristocracy (democratic intuitives are more interested than others in future developmental trends). Distinguishes ILI and SLI well.

• For me, time is more a short interval around the present than a long expanse. 0.86

• My principle is: I need enjoyment and pleasure today, not tomorrow. 0.84

• I often warily “rummage” through my thoughts with my imagination, searching for some trap or possible surprise. -0.93

• I notice all kinds of subtle nuances in developmental trends earlier than others. -0.86

• I often occupy myself with “savouring” my thoughts, deriving ever-increasing pleasure from this - and therefore cannot tear myself away from them. -0.86

• I constantly “run through” little scenes of possible developments in my head, with the imagined participation of the relevant actors. -0.85

• I easily identify the most probable and principal scenario among future events. -0.76

3) Convenience is more important than beauty

Strong valued Si in combination with weak, unvalued Fe. This property is central to possible misunderstandings between the ethical intuitives of the second quadra and the logical sensors of the fourth quadra.

• Considerations of convenience are much more significant to me than considerations of outward beauty. 1.00

4) Subtle sensory perception - harmony of sensations is important

Strong valued Si against a background of general dynamics. ESE and LIE occupy the poles of this property.

• I am very discerning about the taste of foods; at least, I distinguish fresh food from not-so-fresh food by taste more often than others. 0.98

• Wherever I am, I devote my very first, and considerable, efforts to making myself comfortable. 0.96

• I always “catch” the onset of a cold a day or two before becoming ill - from the very first, barely noticeable symptoms in my nose or throat, from the slightest initial malaise. 0.96

• Taking care of my body and stomach is a pleasant process. 0.95

• I can be unbendingly stubborn about arranging a room and positioning furniture. 0.93

• I am always concerned about the comfort and convenience of my workplace and devote considerable time to this so that nothing will irritate me later. 0.93

• Matters of convenience, comfort, and feeling physically well are very important to me. 0.93

• I can easily imagine my hand touching glass, plywood, silk, or corduroy. 0.92

• I can easily but distinctly imagine the scent of blooming roses in my mind (check). 0.89

• I can assess the quality of any food product well, explaining in detail what I find satisfactory or unsatisfactory about it. 0.88

• I am sensitive to my own and others’ physical discomfort. 0.88

• I hear even very faint sounds that other people do not hear or notice. 0.85

• I easily and without irritation interrupt the satisfaction of my needs - sleep, food, and the like. -0.93

• My taste sensations are usually dulled - I suspect that they are weaker than other people’s. -0.93

• I am indifferent to how comfortable a bed is - I fall asleep easily anywhere. -0.81

• I usually ignore illnesses and pay little attention to them, and sometimes simply do not notice them for a long time. -0.76

5) Avoidance of unpleasant thoughts

A property common to the judicious quadras, further strengthened by emotivism (mobile ethics, not inclined to become fixated on difficult moral problems) and the result pole (avoidance of unnecessary complexities).

• It is true that I do not wish to know anything that spoils my mood. 0.91

• I find arguments for agreement more quickly than arguments for negation. 0.84

• I often worry about whether I can trust my friend. -0.8

• At times I conduct “secret” experiments on people I know, testing their reactions in situations I have deliberately created. -0.74

6) Good coordination of bodily movements in space

A general sensing property. The contribution of Si (oriented more toward continuous, careful work with material) only slightly exceeds that of Se (which is nevertheless often inclined toward abrupt and risky movements).

• I am distinguished by spatial dexterity and agility. 0.99

• I have a good sense and memory for the spatial shapes of objects. 0.98

• I like and am excellent at physically doing or making things with my own hands. 0.97

• With a brief, one-second glance, I instantly assess the location and orientation of objects in the surrounding space. 0.97

• I have good control of my fingers: I could make a fairly good casino croupier. 0.96

• Speculative assumptions are alien to me; to be convinced of something, I need to see and touch it directly. 0.95

• I have a good automatic visual memory for image details. 0.92

• I can easily direct my attention to every muscle in my body, to any internal organ I choose, and feel them all as a smoothly functioning machine. 0.91

• I know that I am better than many others at complex alternating movements with both legs (in dancing, football feints on the field, and the like). 0.91

7) Agricultural interests

Pronounced valued Si in combination with strong Qe (being closer to sources of familiar food means increasing one’s chances of self-preservation). The leaders are the sensors of the fourth quadra.

• I like tending plants and invariably enjoy growing something myself on a garden plot. 0.86

• I know how to derive great pleasure from tasty food, cosiness, and nature, and like delighting myself and my friends with these. 0.85

• If I lived outside the city, I would enjoy tending vegetable beds and growing my own garden. 0.83

• I am better than others at noticing and admiring the beauty of nature. 0.80

• I like growing plants; in general, I am very fond of peaceful communion with nature. 0.78

• I would enjoy working as an agronomist. 0.73

• At times I like watching programmes and advertisements for gardeners without any particular purpose (even if I have no opportunity to use the information in practice in the near future). 0.71

• More than once in my life, out of interest, I have sprouted plants on a windowsill from the seeds of fruit I had eaten. 0.71

• I would find tending plants boring and uninteresting - the life of an agriculturalist is definitely not for me. -0.84

8) Does not plan the future

A general irrational property, most clearly manifested against a background of strong valued Si (in SLI, SEI, and IEE). Long-term planning of the future, however, is a property of those with creative Ni, and by no means leading Ni (the latter much more often do not so much plan as consider many possible developments in advance, then adjust their behaviour as it becomes clear which scenario is becoming reality).

• The passage of time always interferes with enjoying life, so I try not to think about it and quite successfully forget about the passage of time. 0.92

• I give little thought to what will happen tomorrow. 0.91

• At each moment, I decide what I will do according to the situation - without predetermining it in advance. 0.86

• I drift with the current of life, living through its pleasant surprises without making plans ahead. 0.83

• I know how to relax and rest. 0.8

• The future interests me little - it seems colourless, incomprehensible, and uncertain to me. 0.7

• I set out my actions for obtaining education and advancing my career in detail for several years ahead. -0.97

• I plan and “schedule” my life years ahead (or did so in my youth). -0.92

• I often fantasize about my professional career in my daydreams. -0.89

9) A calm, bright mood

Strong valued Si in combination with traits associated with optimism and low neuroticism (primarily positivism and emotivism). Reflects the general balance of the hormone serotonin. SLI and EIE occupy the poles of this property.

• On average, my mood contains much more calm, confident comfort than anger or anxiety. 0.91

• My daytime mood is dominated by a sense of calm and confident safety. 0.89

• Usually I see no dangers or problems and, in any case, pay no attention to them - life is wonderful! 0.87

• I have often been haunted by intrusive suspicions and anxieties. -0.92

• I am often in a state of constant expectation of trouble. -0.91

• At times I try to find and guess the hidden meaning in words spoken to me by others. -0.8

10) Hedonism - likes giving pleasure to oneself and others

A property showing the closest association with the dynamics pole, supported, among the functions, primarily by valued Si and secondarily by weak Ti and Se. The poles are SEI versus SLE.

• I would enjoy the profession of pastry chef or cook. 0.94

• I would enjoy the profession of makeup artist or cosmetologist. 0.93

• I know how to enjoy the process of falling asleep, when a sweet, beckoning feeling of happiness and serenity in half-sleep gradually spreads through one’s thoughts, expands and envelops one’s entire being, drawing one into the depths of sleep. 0.93

• I like luxuriating in warm water for a long time. 0.82

11) Modest realism of aspirations

Primarily reflects the opposition between Si and Ne - between introverted sensors and extraverted intuitives. The tactics pole (concentration on details) also has an influence.

• I never get carried away by feelings of anticipating a gain: a small but certain gain is better. 0.94

• The thoughts and ideas that come into my head are most often grandiose and large-scale. -0.96

• In situations offering the opportunity to obtain and gain something useful, I often chase a bird in the bush rather than a bird in the hand. -0.95

12) Does not cause accidental harm

As with cluster 11 (“modest realism of aspirations”), in functional terms this property primarily reduces to the opposition between Si and Ne. Here, however, an additional influence comes from the strategy pole (good concentration on the main goal, screening out emerging distractions).

• My movements are more often smooth and “flowing”. 0.96

• My movements are soft, flexible, and economical. 0.95

• My movements are always smooth and careful. 0.93

• When necessary, I can always easily slow down and stop. 0.91

13) Avoidance of difficult, energy-demanding tasks

An introverted property, most pronounced among those with leading Si. At the other pole are the types most ready to work hard to achieve difficult goals - LIE and SLE. Distinguishes SLI and SLE well.

• I more often think about how to conserve my energy than about what else to apply it to. 0.89

• I do not like an atmosphere of intense competitive work; I find it somehow unpleasant. 0.85

• I like it when a situation challenges me. -0.92

• I readily take on difficult tasks that present an emotional challenge and devote myself to them passionately, forgetting food and rest. -0.89

• My motivations are always strong and promising, and therefore very absorbing and compelling. -0.88

• I am inventive in making both time and other people work for me. -0.87

• The plans I make are striking in their scope and grandeur; I have no equal in planning. -0.86

• For rewards, I am also willing to take risks. -0.81

• I can maintain energetic activity for a long time, going without both sleep and food. -0.76

14) A propensity to keep supplies

A property most closely associated with sensing and dynamics (working with current material resources), and also, because accumulating supplies means concern about the future, with the inertia of Ni (tactics + foresight). Most pronounced among those with creative Si.

• There is always a supply of food for two or three days in my home - I make sure of it. 0.97

• Compared with others, I probably devote more attention to ensuring that I have a constant reserve of resources - so that the necessary tools are always in the house and the refrigerator is not empty. 0.97

• I easily remember the colour of the clothes worn by people close to me today and yesterday (try to remember). 0.96

15) Relaxation, unwillingness to exert oneself

Simultaneously strong Si and Ni (with a slight predominance of Si) in combination with the obstinacy pole. This property differentiates the receptive-adaptive and linear-assertive temperaments well.

• I live by going with the flow, and solve problems reluctantly and only when there is no way out. 0.94

• I like doing nothing. 0.93

• My body’s muscles are always relaxed in their usual “baseline” state, and even “gathering” and tensing them requires some volitional effort. 0.92

• I am always concerned about feeling comfortable and at ease, and will never work by forcing myself or through great fatigue. 0.85

• Even at rest, my muscles are toned, so that I feel tension and “tightness” in them, even slight twitching. -0.82

5. Semantic clusters of the Te function